Septoplasty is a surgical procedure aimed at correcting a deviated septum, which is a common condition that causes breathing difficulties and nasal obstruction. This detailed guide will provide you with a comprehensive overview of the steps involved in a septoplasty procedure, both from a patient's perspective and that of a rhinoplasty surgeon.
1. Preoperative Evaluation and Planning
Before undergoing septoplasty, a thorough preoperative evaluation is necessary to assess the severity of the deviated septum and to determine the appropriate surgical approach. This evaluation involves a comprehensive medical history review, physical examination, and sometimes imaging studies like nasal endoscopy or CT scan.
Once the evaluation is complete, the surgeon and patient discuss the surgical plan, setting expectations, and addressing any concerns. The surgeon explains the potential risks, benefits, and possible alternatives to septoplasty.
2. Anesthesia Administration
Septoplasty can be performed under local or general anesthesia, depending on the complexity of the procedure and patient preference. Local anesthesia involves injecting medication to numb the nasal area, while general anesthesia ensures the patient remains unconscious during the surgery.
After anesthesia administration, the patient is connected to monitoring devices to ensure their safety throughout the procedure.
3. Incision and Access
The surgeon begins by making an incision inside the nose, typically in the septum's lining, creating a narrow access point. This incision is strategically placed to be inconspicuous and minimize visible scarring.
Once the incision is made, the surgeon gently lifts the mucosal lining to gain access to the deviated septum.
4. Septal Cartilage and Bone Correction
Using specialized surgical instruments, the surgeon carefully excises or reshapes the deviated portions of the septal cartilage and bone. This step aims to reposition the septum to a more central position within the nasal cavity, allowing improved airflow.
In some cases, the surgeon may need to harvest cartilage grafts from the nasal septum or other sources to correct deformities and provide structural support.
5. Realigning and Stabilizing the Septum
After the necessary corrections are made, the surgeon carefully repositions the septum in the center of the nose. To achieve stability, dissolvable sutures or splints may be used to hold the septum in place during the initial healing phase.
These sutures and splints provide support and prevent unwanted movement or deformation. They are usually designed to dissolve or be removed within a week or two after the surgery.
6. Wound Closure and Dressing
Once the septum is properly aligned, the surgeon carefully closes the incision with sutures or surgical adhesive. Nasal packing may be used to minimize bleeding, but the surgeon nowadays prefers using absorbable dressings that dissolve on their own to minimize discomfort during their removal.
The surgeon then places an external splint or cast on the nose to provide additional support and protect the area during the initial healing phase.
7. Postoperative Care and Recovery
Following septoplasty, patients are closely monitored in the recovery room before being discharged with specific postoperative care instructions. These instructions often include guidelines for medication, nasal hygiene, activity restrictions, and follow-up appointments.
It is crucial for patients to follow these instructions diligently to support optimal healing and achieve the desired results. The recovery period may vary, but most patients can resume their normal activities within a week or two.
8. Potential Risks and Complications
While septoplasty is generally regarded as a safe procedure, it does carry some risks, as with any surgery. These risks can include bleeding, infection, nasal obstruction, septal perforation, changes in nasal shape or contour, and unsatisfactory functional or aesthetic outcomes.
However, by choosing a qualified and experienced surgeon and following proper preoperative and postoperative care instructions, these risks can be minimized.
References:
1. Name, A. (Year). Title of the article. Journal of Rhinoplasty, volume(issue), page numbers.
2. Name, B. (Year). Title of the book. Publisher.
3. Name, C. (Year). Title of the conference paper. Conference Name, page numbers.
